Painful penetration can be distressing, but it’s more common than many think—and thankfully, treatable. If you’re experiencing discomfort during or after sex, here are some possible causes of painful penetration and what you can do to fix it:

Vaginal dryness – Often caused by insufficient arousal or lack of foreplay. It makes penetration uncomfortable. Spending at least 20 minutes on foreplay and using a water-based lubricant can make a big difference.

Medical conditions – Fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ovarian cysts, endometriosis, and PCOS can all lead to painful penetration. These usually present as deep, internal pain rather than surface discomfort.

Infections – Yeast infections, bacterial vaginosis, or UTIs can all make sex feel painful or burning. Treating the infection often resolves the issue.

Tight pelvic floor muscles – This can happen due to stress, anxiety, or lack of sexual experience. Pelvic floor therapy or exercises may help.

Vaginismus – A condition where the vaginal muscles involuntarily tighten during penetration. It’s often caused by fear, trauma, or anxiety and can be managed with therapy, breathing exercises, and dilation.

Vulvodynia – A chronic pain condition affecting the vulva that causes pain even with the slightest touch or penetration.

For those dealing with painful penetration, some positions may help reduce discomfort:

Spooning

Missionary with a pillow under your hips

Cowgirl (so you control depth and rhythm)

Lotus position for closeness and gentler movement

If the pain feels more abdominal or internal, it’s best to consult a gynecologist for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Don’t suffer in silence painful penetration is not something you have to live with.